The Function of Dental Bridges
What Is a Dental Bridge?
A dental bridge is a prosthetic device used to replace one or more missing teeth. As its name suggests, it “bridges” the gap left by missing teeth. A bridge is anchored by crowns placed on the natural teeth (called abutment teeth) or on implants surrounding the gap, while artificial teeth (called pontics) fill the empty space.
Bridges can be made of different materials such as porcelain, ceramics, or even metal, but most patients choose options that blend naturally with their smile.
The Main Functions of Dental Bridges
Dental bridges are not just about improving appearance—they serve several critical functions for your oral health and daily life:
1. Restoring Your Smile
One of the most obvious benefits is aesthetic. Missing teeth can make people feel self-conscious, but bridges provide a natural-looking replacement that helps you smile with confidence again.
2. Improving Chewing Ability
Every tooth plays a role in the chewing process. When one or more are missing, eating becomes more difficult and may cause strain on the remaining teeth. A dental bridge restores the full biting surface, allowing you to enjoy your favorite foods without discomfort.
3. Maintaining Proper Speech
Teeth are essential for pronouncing certain words and sounds correctly. Missing teeth, especially in the front, can affect speech. Bridges help maintain proper placement of your tongue and lips, ensuring clear and natural speech.
4. Preserving Facial Structure
Tooth loss can cause the jawbone to weaken and facial muscles to sag over time, making you look older than you are. A dental bridge helps maintain the natural shape of your face and prevents premature aging caused by missing teeth.
5. Preventing Teeth From Shifting
When a tooth is missing, neighboring teeth tend to drift into the empty space. This movement can cause misalignment, bite problems, and even further tooth loss. A dental bridge keeps your teeth in their correct position, preserving proper alignment.
6. Distributing Bite Forces Evenly
Every tooth in your mouth contributes to an even distribution of pressure when you bite and chew. When a tooth is missing, the workload is unevenly shared, which can lead to stress, wear, or damage to the remaining teeth. Bridges restore balance to your bite.
Types of Dental Bridges
There are several types of dental bridges, each designed to meet specific needs:
- Traditional Bridge – The most common type, anchored with crowns on adjacent teeth.
- Cantilever Bridge – Used when only one adjacent tooth is available for support.
- Maryland Bridge – Uses a metal or porcelain framework bonded to the back of adjacent teeth.
- Implant-Supported Bridge – Anchored by dental implants rather than crowns, providing a more permanent solution.
Your dentist will recommend the most appropriate type based on your unique case.
When Do You Need a Dental Bridge?
You might need a dental bridge if:
- You have one or more missing teeth.
- You want to restore your ability to chew and speak properly.
- You’re seeking a fixed (non-removable) option instead of dentures.
- You want to maintain your facial appearance and prevent bone loss.
- You want to avoid shifting or misalignment of your remaining teeth.
Caring for Your Dental Bridge
To make your dental bridge last, proper care is essential:
- Brush and floss daily, especially around the bridge and abutment teeth.
- Use special floss threaders or interdental brushes to clean under the bridge.
- Visit your dentist regularly for checkups and cleanings.
- Avoid chewing hard foods like ice or very sticky candies that could damage the bridge.
With good care, dental bridges can last 10 to 15 years—or even longer.